The formation of the Safavid government (1501-1722) is considered one of the most important events in the history of Iran. During this time, the stability that developed within Iran's political framework allowed for the advancement of various scientific fields, prompting ophthalmologists to make efforts to further the growth of this particular discipline. Some Safavid ophthalmologists have tried to collect information for their contemporary doctors and patients by writing works on ophthalmology, as well as to provide information about ophthalmology for future generations. The ophthalmological treatises remaining from the Safavid period have been able to explain eye diseases well and provide treatment solutions for eye diseases to the best of their knowledge and understanding. The eye is an organ of the body that necessitates utmost care when addressing its diseases. The physicians of the Safavid era relied more on medicinal plants to treat eye diseases. Making suppositories and kohl for eye diseases was the most important prescription and treatment strategy of Safavid ophthalmologists. There is also evidence of the existence of glasses during this period to treat eye weakness.
Banarian S, Mehmannavaz M. Study of the conditions of ophthalmology in the Safavid Period. jiitm 2025; 15 (4) URL: http://jiitm.ir/article-1-1744-en.html
