During its development by different physician, Islamic medicine has experienced many changes and evolutions. The medicine history in Iran in the post-Islam era had continued its trend, and outstanding physicians were introduced in this school of medicine. One of these physicians is “Emadodin Mahmoud-Ibn Masoud Shirazi,” a great Iranian physician during the Safavid era, who served as the personal physician of Shah Tahmaseb. In the current paper, after proving a brief introduction on the Iranian history of medicine, the scientific character of Emadodin Mahmoud-Ibn Masoud Shirazi is introduced. Moreover, his works are addressed by dividing them into medicine and pharmacy works. The works remained indicate his valuable efforts in diagnosis of Atashak, Afyuneh, Padzahr, Bikh-e chini, and so on. However, a major portion of his works is related to pharmacy. His most important manuscript in medicine is description of Atashak disease, which was then prevalent in Iran. Another important manuscript of Shirazi is writing the first Persian treatise, which was completely about Padzahr.