Badr al-Dīn Muhammad ibn Bahrām ibn Muhammad al-Qalānīsi al-Samarqandi was a famous Iranian physician. Despite dispute among scholars, including Leclerc, Brockelmann, Kahhāla, Zahir al-Baba (the editor of Qalānīsi's Qarabadin), lived in the 6^th-7^th century A.H. based on facts found in his only available book Qarābāḍīn; and literature of descendant physicians who used or quoted his ideas. As he stated, lack of sources with clear manual of preparing and using compound medicines, encouraged al-Qalānisī, to write his book using reputative Greek and Islamic references like works of Galen, Dioscorides, Thābit ibn Qurra, Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Ṭabari, Rhazes, Al-Bīrūnī, Avicenna while mentioning them by abbreviations. Following a noteworthy introduction about simple drugs, he has explained how to prepare, preserve and use compound drugs, in forty-nine chapters. The main subject of two last chapters is how to get rid of vermins, and some supernatural or magical uses of simple medicines, with citation of references. Al-Qalānīsi has noteworthy innovations in preparation and using compound medicines that individuates his work. His book has recently been translated into Persian but there are some criticisms on it.