Background and Purpose: Those who inherit medical history of Iran have the crucial responsibility of transferring the scientific findings of traditional medicine to modern medicine through a scientific experimental process. Cotoneaster, scientifically known as purgative manna, is an herb with the capacity of being used both in traditional and in modern medicine. This study was conducted to review active ingredients of cotoneaster in Iranian traditional medicine.
 Material and methods: This library study was performed through a narrative review of books on traditional medicine and searching databases such as Google scholar, Pubmed, Magiran, SID, and Science Direct.
Results: First, traditional medicine references and experiences of hakims on cotoneaster are presented, and then, new findings of modern scientists about medicinal properties of cotoneaster and its active ingredients. The last section of this study briefly describes the specific use of cotoneaster for treatment of infant jaundice.
 Conclusion: Regarding the history of using cotoneaster for treatment of some diseases and that the cotoneaster shrub is native to Iran, research centers are recommended to use modern technologies to examine the efficiency of cotoneaster given its socioeconomic benefits.