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Showing 3 results for Epidemics
Narges Tajik, Zahra Ghahramani, Zahra Alamdar, Nafise Shaabani, Mohammad Hossien Ayati,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Throughout the history of human life, epidemics have always been one of the serious threats to human life making their control and prevention of particular importance. One of the leading physicians of Persian Medicine in the Safavid era is Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi, who in addition to his scientific status, had also a political status. In his book "Khulāsat al-Tajārib", he has discussed a complete set of definitions of the conditions that cause epidemics, the symptoms of the disease, and the ways to prevent and control it. This article intends to categorize the contents of Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi’s book, which includes his personal experiences and those of other physicians of the Islamic period up to the Safavid period, in relation to epidemics. This is a descriptive-historical study based on library resources, which has studied the subject of epidemics according to Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi’s book, and then analyzed each section and the conclusions as well as reconciling of results to modern medicine. The contents of Khulāsat al-Tajārib on epidemics can be divided into three sections. Materials related to sections one and two were collected by him. In the third part, we see Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi` ideas in the prevention section such as referring to use of specific clothes in indoor places, recommending use of mosquito nets and the use of special plants. These methods are unique to Bahā’ al-Dawlah Razi during the epidemics. Razi’s "Khulāsat al-Tajārib” is one of the recent books of Persian Medicine, where he has collected the opinions of scholars before him in addition to mentioning his own experiences. Therefore, research on this book is very important as his recommendations and treatment strategies can be proposed as the basis of further basic and clinical studies.
Nafise Shaabani, Narges Tajik, Zahra Ghahramani, Zahra Alamdar, Mohammad Hossien Ayati,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Epidemic and contagious diseases have been common in human societies for a long time and have persistently caused problems. Ancient Iranians were familiar with contagious diseases and prevented their spread with preventive measures. The preventive approach after Islam in Persian medicine has been emphasized by Iranian Muslim scholars and they have written many treatises on this topic. Nasihat-Nama Suleimani by Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini (15th century A.D) is a short, but valuable work written to maintain health during epidemics. The current research is a review study with a library method, which introduces the book Nasihat-Nama Suleimani and its author, Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini, and explains the preventive measures mentioned in the work. Hakim Shah-Mohammad Ibn Haji Qazvini was one of the Sunni Iranian scholars who lived in Iran in the Safavid era, and then migrated to Istanbul at the invitation of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II. In the 15th century, the Ottoman Empire faced epidemics such as plague and other infections. The author wrote the valuable work "Nasihat-Nama Suleimani" on lifestyle management (Hifz al-Sihha) in Persian language in 1522 during epidemics, and dedicated it to Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566 AD). The author describes preventive measures during epidemics based on the six essential principles of lifestyle in Persian Medicine. Today, with the emergence of the COVID-19 epidemic and the role of compliance with health guidelines, the importance of health and prevention has become more and more clear to everyone, while Persian medical scholars had good knowledge and awareness of the field of health and public health since the most ancient times and considered prevention before treatment and paid attention to health protection measures.
Safa Zare Sangederazi, Zekrollah Mohammadi,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (2-2025)
Abstract
The outbreak of epidemic diseases in Yazd has a long history. The approach of this research to these diseases is founded on reports from Yazd, utilizing public and local sources from the Qajar era. The outbreak of epidemic diseases in Yazd, which had a direct impact on the social and economic life, especially the lower classes of the society, was mostly due to the poor economic, social, and health conditions. This research aims to answer the following questions: In the time frame of the current study, what factors have been influential in the spread of epidemic diseases in Yazd? What consequences has the outbreak of epidemic diseases had in Yazd in the social and economic domains? This study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology and relies on a library-based investigation that references both first and second-hand sources. ts objective is to understand the mechanisms and reasons behind the spread of these diseases in Yazd by analyzing the reports from these sources regarding the emergence of epidemic diseases. The findings show that during the Qajar period, the outbreak of epidemics in Yazd had a direct relationship with the political, economic, and social situation of that era. Therefore, whenever the domestic and foreign political situation became tense, the economic and social hardship of the people increased. On the other hand, the economic and social poverty and hardship when it was accompanied by a lack of health awareness, especially in the field of modern health and increased the spread and exacerbation of epidemic diseases. Investigations show that there were many epidemics during the Qajar period in Yazd, which caused many human and financial losses. In most cases, these diseases are spread due to famines and droughts, which have affected all classes of Yazd society.
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