In order to clarify the history and methods for treatment of various forms of dyspnea and asthma, in this paper we addressed the evolutionary trend of treatment of these diseases from ancient times to 1905 A.D. (Dar-ol Fonun-e Naseri). The most common forms of diseases, the traditional medicine physicians have described and discussed are pulmonary emphysema, pneumothorax, hemoptysis, hemorrhages of respiratory system, hemorrhages of thorax and their differential diagnoses, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary abscesses, tuberculosis, pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchitis, pleuritis, atelectasis, orthopnea, dyspnea, and bronchial asthma. In this paper, we have addressed these conditions. Moreover, the most important resources of traditional medicine and necessarily other treatments and services were provided and discussed and the scientific names of plants used in traditional medicine were defined.