@article{ author = {Setayesh, M. and Keshavarz, M. and Salehi, M. and Kargar, H. and Mirzaei, M. R.}, title = {The role of sleep in health promotion from the perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine: a review}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The six essentials factors of health, are the strength of Iranian Traditional medicine in health maintaining, and treating diseases. Sleep and wakefulness devise are cost-effective interventions in terms of principles and rules which can lead to improved health of individuals and society. This study was aimed to investigate the role of sleep in health promotion from the perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine. Materials and Methods: This study is a review based on library research in main Iranian Traditional Medicine references comparing with current medicine and new articles. Results: This study explains the sleeping from aspect of the holey Quran, Traditional and conventional medicine, and offers practical  recommendations regarding sleep habits and its conditions, including time, location, amount, positions , type of clothing the body during sleep and relationship with food, and exhibit sleep in terms of temperament, ages, seasons and climates. Conclusions: Sleep measures, proportional to the temperament, age and different climates can influencing health. Iranian traditional Medicine as an experienced health package, explains the rout of effective sleep intervention in health promotion. Then it can be used by health policy mans}, Keywords = {Sleep, Iranian traditional medicine, the six essentials, health promotion}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-364-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-364-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Azma, M. and Karimi, M. and AkbariKamrani, A.A. and Ghorrad, F. and Ansari, GH.R. and Sahaf, R.}, title = {Prevention and Treatment of Memory and Cognitive Disorders in Traditional Medicine: a Review Study}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Despite the increasing prevalence of dementia, there is no known effective treatment for this disease. Iranian traditional medicine has attention to old age and its diseases. This research was conducted to identify the cognitive and memory disorders in view of traditional medicine literature. Materials and Methods: This study is a review of the literature in Iranian traditional medicine. The study population included content related to the topic of Iranian Traditional Medicine Books. Purposeful and systematic sampling based on dependency and relationship to the study subjects was performed by using Noor software. A comprehensive search was conducted with the key words "eldery", "mashayekh", "heram", "kohol", “memory", "zekr", "hefz", "Amnesia" and "Hygiene" was taken. Data were collected by recorded of written documents, and conducted a content analysis. Results: According to the texts of traditional medicine, memory loss or mental disability is caused by the dominance of cold, wet, or dry temperament in the back of the brain. The treatment is based on temperament. So traditional medicine offers Hygiene orders and a variety of treatments. Conclusions: Many treatments about the prevention and treatment of memory disorders have been proposed in Iranian traditional medicine. Better understanding of these principle scan play a significant role and can solve problem of this disease and its increased prevalence in the elderly.}, Keywords = {aging, dementia, cognitive disorders, folk medicine, herbal medicine}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-20}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-365-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-365-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mehrabani, M. and MahdaviMeymand, Z. and Mirtajadini, M.}, title = {Consumption And Growth Environment of Medical Plants Existing In the Groceries of Kerman}, abstract ={Species and climatic diversity, traditional use of herbal drugs to treat diseases, planting and production of medicinal plants and acceptance of herbs as alternative medicine by people, are relative advantages of herb industry in Iran. The Kerman province has different types of climatic conditions. As a consequence you can find a great variety of plant species here. We studied existing medical plants in traditional drug stores by scientific, Persian and local names, used parts, medical effects and growth location. 170 medical plant samples were identified and collected from herb sellers in Kerman but most of this species belong to Labiateae, Umbllifure and Compositae, and fruits and flowers are the most widely used parts. The conservation of the medicinal plants is an essential requirement for maintaining traditional medicine as a useful resource.}, Keywords = {Grocery, medical plants, Kerman.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {21-31}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-366-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-366-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, M. and Javadi, M. and Barikani, A. and Beheshti, A. and Ansaripour, M.}, title = {Reliability and validity of a questionnaire to measure temperament Jebeli}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Iranian traditional medicine has its own literature and one of the top medical schools in the world. The research on traditional, complementary and alternative medicine and its use is growing trend in recent years. The aim of this study was reliability and validity of a questionnaire to measure temperament Jebeli. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 1392. The study population was 326 cases of patients referred to specialist clinics in Qazvin Bu-Ali Sina, who were recruited by convenience sampling. After reviewing the literature, a questionnaire was designed which had 10 factor an Jebeli temperament. The content validity, internal consistency, factor analysis, measurement and calculation were analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Results: Approximately 70% of the experts agreed on the appropriateness of the questions, and about 85% of the questions according to experts, was appropriate. KMO and Bartlett's test results showed that the sample size was adequate, and factor analysis to identify the structure of the factor model is appropriate. Factor analysis extracted 11 factors. Internal consistency in pre and post-test was (α=0.688), and (α=0.712), respectively. Conclusion: The questionnaire had good reliability and validity and can be used in the traditional medicine of health research.}, Keywords = {questionnaire, Jebeli temperament, validity, reliability, and traditional medicine}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {34-40}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-361-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-361-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Khodadoost, K. and Khalili, M. and Shoja, M. A. M. and Ghabili, K. and EsmaeiliParapari, Sh.}, title = {Leech therapy in Iranian traditional medicine}, abstract ={Traditional medicine is one of the oldest therapies in human societies, which has been used by different nations, and its development is indebted to tradition, culture and customs of different nations. Traditional medicine still retains its place in many countries alongside modern medicine to maintain health and treat diseases and has progressed considerably. Traditional medicine is a holistic approach to health, knowledge and skills, with a plethora of ways to maintain health and treat various diseases and has a direct relationship with plants, animals, minerals and manual procedures. One of the techniques used in traditional medicine is leech therapy. Leech has been labeled a tiny surgeon. Therefore, we referred to traditional medicine texts and gathered comments of philosophers and doctors of traditional medicine in Iran regarding the use of leeches in the treatment of various diseases. In this paper, we made an attempt to discuss treatment modalities in Iranian traditional medicine}, Keywords = {leech therapy, traditional medicine, medical history.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-46}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-363-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-363-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Kiani, H. and Zare, M.}, title = {Investigating the way of expression and writing style of the book "al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada"}, abstract ={Stylistics is an area of knowledge in linguistics the purpose of which is the study of various expression methods of a text. From this perspective, a way of expression which is substantially repeated from the beginning to the end of a text is called "style". The present article examines the style of the book "al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada" by Ibn al-Baitar. Ibn al-Baitar is one of the Andalusian botanists and pharmacologists who has had a significant impact on the development of pharmacology through his writing. His book, the great encyclopedia of pharmacology, is believed by many Muslim and non-Muslim scientists to be the most detailed and clear pharmaceutical work in the Islamic civilization. The aim of this study is to shed light on Ibn al-Baitar's practices in writing this book.  To this end, at first the lexical and idiomatic meanings of stylistics are presented, then after a short introduction about Ibn al-Baitar and his works, using a descriptive-analytic approach the article deals with the style-making methods of the text in his book. The findings of the study indicate that the book enjoys features of the scientific approach in a way that the writer has stuck to a certain approach to the end of the book and this is exactly what should be observed in scientific styles of writing.}, Keywords = {stylistics, al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada, Ibn al-Baitar, traditional medicine, Islamic pharmacology}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-60}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-358-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-358-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Karami, M. and Mostaghiman, M. and Naghizadeh, H.}, title = {Plants Rights Foundation of Quran Perspective}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The Holy Quran, there are some principle about plants, that legal basis for the plant. Top laws states that the general attitude and behavior of plants and herbs in particular be improved Materials and Methods: In this paper it has been used electronic references and books and information banks like Pubmed and non-electronic references like Holy Quran and explanation about Quran like Al-mizan, Nemoune and Islamic jurisprudence books like Wasael-ol-shiyaa. Results: 1.The principle of creation: In many verses of the Quran is referring to the creation of plants and in this case, words like "mayeh ebrat, "Behcet's wae used .God has created all plants and one of the objectives of creation of plants. 2. Right to Life: the plants are God's creatures have a right to live. So people are not allowed to violate the rights 3. The principle of worship: The principle of worship, according to verse 18 of Sura Hajj, the concept of worship and prostrate, leaves the decision to surrender to God. That will eventually be useful for humans.  4. Understanding and thought: Experience showed that the plants of the high level of understanding of their situation and surroundings. So is the complementary principle of worship. 5. Judgment and the Resurrection: The degree of improvement in plants, consists of being eaten by an animal or human and become part of it. Plants have Two of the four spiritual soul, The vital spirit of the plants and vegetable soul Therefore, plants are also spiritual and physical resurrection. Conclusions: From the viewpoint of Islam:  although,   the plants do not have human-like speech and thought. I have benefited from the perception and consciousness and the emotions. For this reason, Islamic law - a man not allowed to destroy plant life.  And as a drug, preferably, active member of the plant is eaten by the patient directly to the plant to remain part of life.}, Keywords = {Ethics, Plant's rights, The Holy Quran, principle of creation.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {61-67}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-362-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-362-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {NajiEsfahani, H. and Moghaddas, N.}, title = {Examining scientificity of Iranian Traditional Medicine based on Kuhn\'s theory about science}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Since the entrance of Modern medicine in Iran, many controversies have occurred about scientificity of statements and concepts of traditional medicine between critics and advocates of this knowledge. The basic problem of these controversies is that before arguing whether this knowledge is science or not, it should be clear that which are the criteria of being science exactly? This is one of the fundamental questions in philosophy of science. Science philosophers have presented different criteria. The most important theory in this field in 20th century is the one that Thomas Kuhn has presented which asserts that the only criterion for scientificity is having "paradigm". Materials and Methods: This paper, first of all by an exact examination on Kuhn's influential work in the philosophy of science (The structure of Scientific Revolution) will analyzes the theory and focuses on the concept of a paradigm, then explains the principles of traditional medicine and shows that this Knowledge possesses paradigm and thus is a science. Library based method has been selected for this research. Result: The traditional medicine has its own concepts, rules, metaphysical principles and norms and therefore is science}, Keywords = {scientificity, paradigm, Thomas Kuhn, Iranian traditional medicine}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {68-81}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-357-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-357-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {MahmoodiMaymand, M. and Keshavarz, A. and Rahmani, N.}, title = {Iranian Traditional Medicine in Management: The Role of Temperament on Employability Skills}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: To be successful in Today`s workplace, it is needed to have special individual skills which some of them are inherent. Temperament is one of individual traits that, by making difference in people's characteristics, affect their abilities. Temperament has been introduced by Iranian Traditional Medicine. In this school, the man is not considered just as a physical being, and also individual differences underlie an efficient social work division. To consider the impressive and ascertaining role of Temperament on the set of Employability Skills. Materials and Methods: this study is descriptive-correlative and is the type of casual relation. Kent University Questionnaire was used as aggregation data tools for employability skills. A questionnaire was prepared for the measurement of individual temperament in terms of the overall indications of temperament proposed by Avicenna .The questionnaire was used for regular interviews. The population was determined the students with age range of 19 to 22. Through an accidental sampling, 230 questionnaires were put at disposal. In order to analyze the data, Pierson Correlation method and also the Variance-based structural Equation Modeling were used to test the main hypothesis Results: The impressive and ascertaining role of temperament on the main and basic employability skills both on boys and girls was approved and also the mediating role of basic skills. Several significant relations were also obtained between hot/cold and wet/dry temperament and some of the skills. Conclusion:  Identification of individual characterization through the awareness of their temperament will be an efficient facilitator of social work sharing and association which has been proposed by Avicenna. It should properly determine the expectations of people in workplaces.}, Keywords = {Iranian Traditional Medicine, Temperament Theory, Employability Skills.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {82-93}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-360-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-360-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Azimi, R.}, title = {Medical Sciences Specializations in Buyid Era}, abstract ={The history of medicine in Iran goes back to the pre-Islam era. The first medical education center named Jundi Shapur University, which played a major role in formation and development of medical sciences, was founded during the Sassanid rule. This university continued to be a thriving scientific center after the Arabs’ conquest of Persia but after two centuries of chaos and disorder when the Abbasids took power, the accomplishments of this university were virtually transferred to the center of the Muslim world. Medicine after the advent of Islam was enhanced with the merging of several scientific categories including Greek, Hippocrates and Galen’s medicine, and developed with the support of the rulers of the time such as Harun al-Rashid and Ma’mun. Gradually, the Muslim world physicians managed to write independent medical works and the first steps on this path were taken in the form of comprehensive and general encyclopedias. With the advent of the Buyid Dynasty whose rulers supported this field of science, grounds were set for specialization of medicine and emergence of new branches of this science. Therefore, understanding the status of medicine in the Buyid era, which was relying on change and specialization-based developments, is of paramount importance.}, Keywords = {Buyid Era, Baghdad, Medicine, Psychology, Surgery, Ophthalmology, Medical plant, Pharmacy.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {94-99}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-359-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-359-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Rezai, H. and MohseniTakalu, M.T. and Zamani, P. and Heravi, F.}, title = {Relationship between temperament and stuttering severity in Persian speaking subjects with advanced stuttering}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Although traditional medicine started from thousands years ago, its application in treatment of different diseases is the focus of many current studies. Stuttering is a complex speech disorder and imposes significant negative influences on person's psychological life and on his or relationship with others. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between temperament type and stuttering severity in Persian speaking subjects with advanced stuttering. Material and Methods:  40 subjects with advanced stuttering and 40 sex and age matched subjects with fluent speech participated in this cross-sectional descriptive analytical study. Temperament type and stuttering severity were assessed by “Determining Temperament Type Questionnaire” and stuttering severity instrument-3 respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 18. Independent t test and Pearson correlation were used to examine the relationship among variables. Results: Mean temperament score was higher in subjects with fluent speech than in those with stuttering but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Significant correlation was observed between mean temperament score and mean stuttering severity (p = 0.04) and this correlation was negative. Indeed, the more the score of a subject in temperament test (as the temperament being warmer), the less is his/her stuttering severity. Conclusions: findings of this study showed that stuttering severity is decreased the as the temperament being warmer. It is suggested that people with stuttering moderate their temperament by use of warm foods and reduce the use of cold foods}, Keywords = {Traditional Medicine, Stuttering, Temperament, Speech.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {101-107}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-372-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-372-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Akbarzadeh, S. and Mahjoub, H. and Bazazi, N.}, title = {Study of herbal drug of HESA-A on Age related Macular Degeneration}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent causes of blindness in people over 50 years of age. It occurs in dry and wet types. Dry type is more prevalent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of herbal drug of HESA-A on dry AMD. Material and Methods: Inclusion criteria were mild or moderate loss of vision due to AMD including:  non-central geographic atrophy, RPE changes, multiple intermediate drusens (64-124 microns) or one large drusen ( diameter more than 124 microns) at least in one eye .Patients were randomized in drug and placebo groups ,so 29 of them received HESA- A and 30 patients received placebo. Patients were followed up at least one year. Patients were examined by an ophthalmologist every month and the results were recorded. Results: Before intervention, mean of visual acuity were 0.15 log in right eye and 0.19 log in left eye in HESA-A group which changed to 0.14 log and 0.16 log respectively, at end of study. On the other side, before intervention, mean of visual acuity were 0.17 log in right eye and 0.16 log in left eye in placebo group which changed to 0.18 log and 0.18 log respectively. Difference of mean visual acuity changes in two groups was significant.( P<0.05) Conclusions: Our study indicates that the use of herbal drug of HESA-A in moderate dry AMD, in comparison to placebo, induces mild  visual acuity improvement and prevents further visual acuity loss; furthermore HESA-A does not have any ocular or systemic side effects. }, Keywords = {Macular degeneration, HESA-A, Age}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {108-115}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-375-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-375-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Borhani, M. and Khoshzabn, F. and Jodeiri, B. and Naseri, M. and kamlinejad, M. and Talei, D.}, title = {Functional Gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and Iranian Traditional of Medicine(ITM)}, abstract ={Functional Gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common disorders in gastroenterology that could be seen in any segment of gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to rectum. Functional gastrointestinal disorders are not explained entirely with current biochemical or structural investigations. ROME III criteria is FGID diagnostic criteria which is classified into six subcategories based on five anatomical regions:esophageal, gastroduodenal, bowel, functional abdominal pain, Functional gallbladder and Sphincter of Oddi Disorders, anorectal. In Iranian Traditional of Medicine(ITM) books it seems that gastric distemperment have many likeness with FGID and its ROME III criterias. In this article, discussion is about relationship between them in ITM and conventional medicine}, Keywords = {Functional Gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), ROME III criteria, Iranian Traditional of Medicine(ITM), gastric dis-temperament.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {116-123}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-371-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-371-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Bahrami, H.R. and Yousefi, M. and Bahari, A. and Noras, M.R.}, title = {A comprehensive review of irritable bowel syndrome in traditional iranian and Chinese medicine.}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: In researches done in Iran on IDS, it was recognized as one of the most widespread and costliest digestive diseases has remarkably influenced the quality of life on different people. In modern medicine its exact cause is not known  but distinct criteria for recognition and treatment are presented. Prevalent treatments are palliative and several instances show a rise in tendency towards complementary and alternative medicine. In Iranian traditional medicine, numerous diseases with certain etiologies and in Chinese medicine numerous diagnostic patterns corresponding to this syndrome exist and treatment plans are presented adequately. The objective of this article is to study medical texts again and to check the possibility of adaptation and finding  the etiological equivalents, therapy symptoms and its corresponding measures in modern medicine and presenting a consolidated approach and executing joint research in order to clarify  a part of the mechanism which causes the disease and its effective cure. Material and Methods: This article is a review study in which information collection took place through searching the internet, articles and related books without any time limits and by using keywords. Then it compares, analyzes and adapts the contents of the article and finally it gathers the information and makes a conclusion. Conclusions: The scientific capability of the Chinese and Iranian with all their cultural and scientific aspects in common, along with the medical and diagnostic capacities of the modern medicine in IDS can design a new pattern for diagnosis and cure. The consolidated approach and joint research is suggested for clarifying some hidden aspects of this syndrome and its cure.}, Keywords = {irritable bowel syndrome, Iranian traditional medicine, Chinese traditional medicine, Syndrome differentiation, distemperament.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {124-130}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-369-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-369-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Forouzeh, M.R. and Heshmati, Gh. A. and Barani, H.}, title = {Collection and Investigation on ethnobotany of some palants in kohgiloye and Boirahmad province}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Human indigenous knowledge appears in different fields for sustainable livelihood in his environment. ethnobotany is a subset of indigenous knowledge for understanding the multifaceted role of plants in an area of local communities. In other word, ethnobothany can be regarded as a systematic method of studying human and plant interrelationship. From cultural and ethnic diversity view point, Iran is a rich land including a variety of unique natural ecosystems and climatic conditions for growing wild edible and medicinal plants.  Regarding the necessity to preserve this natural and cultural heritage, the research was conducted on nomads' indigenous knowledge of plants in Dilegan rangeland in kohgiloye and Boirahmad province. Material and Methods: A range of methods for collecting data from systematically methods such as designed questionnaires, to unstructured ones like meeting and free conversation with local experts were used. Conversations was done in two types:interview from nomads in their residence and participatory observation in plants habitat.  Along with participatory interviews, plant samples were gathered and identified based on botanical sources. Results: The results of this investigation indicate that nomads made various medicinal & edible uses of all collected plants. As the 70 species studied, 8 species used for food and reinforcements, 7 ones for both edible & medicinal and the others for medicinal and sanitary objectives. Conclusions: The findings confirm that both Diverse geographical conditions and habitats as well as ancient culture of Iran provides a A treasure of human's innovations in the field of traditional botany and eatable and medicinal attributes of plants. So recording them will not only protect this heritage but also pave the way for the various researches.}, Keywords = {Ethnobotany, kohgiloye and Boirahmad province, Medicinal plants, Nomads}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {131-139}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-355-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-355-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Tajdaran, M. and Alipour, N. and TahmasebiAshtiani, S. and TaghizadehMilani, K.}, title = {Reviews how did and use traditional medicine books by female students of Faculty of psychology University’s of Alzahra and Tehran to treat diseases and provide suggestions in order to increase the amount of use of these books}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The Objective of this article to examine how familiar students with traditional medicine and the role of traditional medicine in the books promote the science as well as reviews of the books perspective in the treatment of diseases in the female students of Psychology schools alzahra University and Tehran. Material and Methods:  the research methods and data collection method using a questionnaire (researcher). Validity of the questionnaire was reviewed by university faculty of science, the reliability of a test questionnaire to calculate cronbach's alpha was also the value of the it 4/77%. The both girl students of the College between 1550 persons  selected 262 persons and with Morgan &  krajsi method and questionnaire was distributed. Results:  the findings indicated that in the field of traditional medicine with the highest rating is related to the percentage of business through the TV with 1/62%, while that of traditional medicine through the book is the fourth in the rankings with% 46.1%. Traditional medicine books for students to view in the treatment of some diseases, has an average of 40/3%. Conclusions: according to the findings of the study, and other goals the role of traditional medicine in the books is familiar with this science was diagnosed a little and with a general summary at the end a number of traditional medicine and books to promote the solution of this science is presented}, Keywords = {traditional medicine, traditional medicine books, therapy, herbal remedies, media.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {140-150}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-373-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-373-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Babalhavaeji, F. and DeldadehMoghaddam, S. and Hariri, N.}, title = {Iran and Islam Medical Thesaurus: Feasibility study}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Nowadays, Users’ Quick Access to their information needs is one the most important challenges. As a result, organization of documents gains valuable importance in storage and retrieval systems. Among the information organization methods, indexing is a controlled language which Thesaurus is one of its tools. This research is going to study the feasibility of Iran and Islam Medical Thesaurus. Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive survey, its information gathered through a questionnaire and the interview. Research population includes 50 staffs of Iran’s Academy of Medical Sciences and 5 professionals of the traditional medicine. Validity of the questionnaire is formal and its reliability measured through calculating Cronbach’s Alpha (85%). Results: Findings show that Software and hardware infrastructures are in low level, and there is no independence website for the Traditional Medicine Section (TMS). Least skill level of TMS staffs due to indexing (34%) and the uppermost level skills do to familiarity with the MS Office (26%). To making entries and general/specific relations, the most word and term extraction done in Arabic language and in order to word control, the most used resources were Qanun(56%),Zakhire-ye-Kharazmshahi and Al-Aghrazol-Tebbiah. Conclusions: According to research findings, inappropriate software and hardware infrastructures and the lack of a reliable thesaurus through which the defining of the hierarchical levels must be made, and low skill levels of staffs to indexing are the most barriers and problems in the generation of Iran and Islam Medical Thesaurus}, Keywords = {Feasibility study, Iran and Islam Medical Thesaurus.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {151-158}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-368-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-368-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Aghebati, A. and Safdari, R. and Dargahi, H. and Gushehgir, S.A.}, title = {Information management in Traditional medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Objective: Given the increasing development of traditional medicine, the World Health Organization (WHO) has noted data management of traditional medicine and the need for acquiring the existing knowledge through the accurate exchange of information as well as preservation and protection of traditional knowledge resources. The use of traditional medicine in developing countries and developed countries is increasingly expanding. The purpose of this study is to develop a traditional medicine information management processing. Material and Methods: This is a review article which is carried out using books, articles, national and international journals as well as electronic resources and websites available on the Internet. Results: Despite the increasing development of traditional medicine, information has not been developed. Information development through web-based resources, proper communication with physicians and pharmaceutical packaging can lead to the development of information and quality of care. WHO has become a convenient and reliable source for information exchange. A global database of traditional medicine as well as a global database of medicinal herbs has been developed by WHO. The recommendations of WHO on documentation of traditional medicine include initial complaint recording, medical history, the findings of the physical examination, examination diagnosis and treatment plan, privacy and patient satisfaction, insurance and legal reports. Data elements should be standardized for comparison. The data can be transferred using electronic records. Furthermore, the record of data and assessment of patient’s status will be done better. WHO published the international standard terminology that is the underlying data to better understanding of actions, research and training and developing a database to retrieve articles. The chapter 23 of the book, ICD_11, is developed to make evidence-based traditional medicine, terminology, diagnosis classification, and designed interventions. It is also widely used in the International Classification of Traditional Medicine (ICTM) project which employs a wide range of traditional medicine knowledge worldwide. Conclusions: Given the development of traditional medicine, therapeutic interventions and medicinal complications of traditional and conventional medicine cause risks to patients. Development of reliable information and proper communication of patients and physicians will be helpful. Standard documentation, the global database and international classification and naming resources will integrate information and develop global statistics. Information development and information management process have an important role in improvement of  patient care.}, Keywords = {Traditional Medicine, Database, Information}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {159-168}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-370-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-370-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Golshani, A. and Pirouzan, H. and Zargaran, A. and Daneshfard, B.}, title = {An Overview of Alexandria School in Flourishing Islam and Iran’s Medical Knowledge}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Objective: Given the increasing development of traditional medicine, the World Health Organization (WHO) has noted data management of traditional medicine and the need for acquiring the existing knowledge through the accurate exchange of information as well as preservation and protection of traditional knowledge resources. The use of traditional medicine in developing countries and developed countries is increasingly expanding. The purpose of this study is to develop a traditional medicine information management processing. Material and Methods: This is a review article which is carried out using books, articles, national and international journals as well as electronic resources and websites available on the Internet. Results: Despite the increasing development of traditional medicine, information has not been developed. Information development through web-based resources, proper communication with physicians and pharmaceutical packaging can lead to the development of information and quality of care. WHO has become a convenient and reliable source for information exchange. A global database of traditional medicine as well as a global database of medicinal herbs has been developed by WHO. The recommendations of WHO on documentation of traditional medicine include initial complaint recording, medical history, the findings of the physical examination, examination diagnosis and treatment plan, privacy and patient satisfaction, insurance and legal reports. Data elements should be standardized for comparison. The data can be transferred using electronic records. Furthermore, the record of data and assessment of patient’s status will be done better. WHO published the international standard terminology that is the underlying data to better understanding of actions, research and training and developing a database to retrieve articles. The chapter 23 of the book, ICD_11, is developed to make evidence-based traditional medicine, terminology, diagnosis classification, and designed interventions. It is also widely used in the International Classification of Traditional Medicine (ICTM) project which employs a wide range of traditional medicine knowledge worldwide. Conclusions: Given the development of traditional medicine, therapeutic interventions and medicinal complications of traditional and conventional medicine cause risks to patients. Development of reliable information and proper communication of patients and physicians will be helpful. Standard documentation, the global database and international classification and naming resources will integrate information and develop global statistics. Information development and information management process have an important role in improvement of  patient care.}, Keywords = {Traditional Medicine, Database, Information}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {169-179}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-356-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-356-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {BeheshtiSeresht, M. and Parvish, M.}, title = {Rashidi’s the House of Healing vanguard of Medical Education in Modern Period}, abstract ={Vizier Rashid-al-Din Hamadani is undoubtedly one of the distinguished figures in Iran’s History. His capability in Medicine brought him to the king of the Mongols, Abagha Khan. Of his brilliant performance, once can refer to founding the Educational Complex of Rab’e Rashidi in near Tabriz that was the biggest Educaional and Scientific Medical School of the time. Noteworthy to add that it was the largest educational center of Ilkhans which is as significant as the old institutions of higher learning and the sceitific centers like Gondishapur and Baghdad’s Nizamiyyah in terms of sceinece, and management. The eduscientific branches of Rab’e Rashidi is variant; its administrative, research and educational organization is analogous with the latest samples of the current world. Of the prominent centers of this complex is Rashidi’s Hospital that plays a very important role in preventing the decline of Iranian-Islamic Medicine. Rashidi’s Hospital as a Medical Faculty using the best facility as well as the physicians had an effective part in the development of Modern Medical Teaching}, Keywords = {The House of Healing, Iranian-Islamic Medicine .}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {180-190}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-374-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-374-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {191-195}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-442-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-442-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghorbani, F. and Keshavarz, M. and Nazem, E. and Imani, A.R. and Faghihi, M.}, title = {Overall meaning of cardiotonic and its mechanisms of action from the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: According to the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and further tendency of public and medical doctors to the traditional and complementary medicine, review and reassessing of cardiac drugs specially cardiotonics will take more importance and indication. In this article we try to complain the overall meaning of cardiotonic and its mechanisms of action from the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine. Material and Methods: This is a library review article which has been carried out using modern medical references, the main texts of Iranian traditional medicine such as "Al-Qanoon fi al-Tibb" (The Canon of Medicine), "Al-Resaleh fi Al-Adviyah Al-ghalbyah", “Makhzan-al-Adviyah”, “Gharabadin-e-kabir”, “As-Shamel fi as-SINA'A at-Tibbiyya”, Daruha-yi Qalbi (Cardiac drugs) and databases including Google scholar and PubMed. Results: According to the definition of tonic drug (modulator of an organ consistency and temperament for prevention of flowing pathogenic fluids to the organ) and the effect of cardiotonic drugs, it was shown that constancy of an organ texture is achieved by astringency ("ghabz"), strengthening the mass of heart, desiccation, dryness and stiffness; while moderation of spirit consistency is obtained through being aromatic, astringency, attenuation, "tanshif" (sponge like action), increase of generation of spirit, and cleansing of spirit. Moderation of the heart temperament is obtained through warming the cold and cooling the hot heart and desiccating the moist of the heart with moist temperament. Besides, two other features were mentioned ("Belkhasyah" (by character) and "theriaqiyat") that were not related to the temperament of drug and could be considered intrinsic properties. Conclusion: According to the causative agent of disease and through finding specific features of each drug, traditional medicine practitioners can highlight the place of simple cardiotonics in the treatment of heart diseases. Also, due to the abundance and diversity of cardiotonics in traditional medical books, new cardiotonic medications can be proposed and be tested.}, Keywords = {Cardiotonic, Iranian traditional medicine, temperament, spirit.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {196-204}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-439-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-439-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Soleimanya, Y. and Rezaeizadeh, H. and Goodarzi, S. and Toliyat, T. and Hajimahmoodi, M. and Yassa, N.}, title = {Preparation of a pharmaceutical form of ginger rhizome on Iranian Traditional medicine to relieve nausea caused by chemotherapy}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) is used in the most parts of the world for healing of different disorders, including digestive problems and inflammatory inconvenience such as Osteoarthritis. Gingerol is present in the fresh rhizome, but in drying process of rhizome it changed to shogaol which both have antinausea effect. The aim of this study is planning a new formulation of ginger based on Iranian traditional medicine for removal of nausea in patients with complications of chemotherapy and standardization of product based on 6-gingerol and definition of expiration date of product. Material and Methods: on December of 2011, 20 kg of fresh rhizome of ginger was purchased from the Tehran market. After determining of the scientific name, the rhizomes were cut to pieces and dried in laboratory conditions, 1 kg of dry ginger was obtained. Powdered rhizome was extracted by maceration method using ethanol as solvent, after evaporation 100 g of oily extract was obtained. Capsule number zero was filled according to the formulation after mixing of ingredients. Stability examinations were carried out under specified conditions. Results: Percentage of 6-gingerol in extract was 14% in March 2012, which it was equal to 1.27 mg 6-gingerol in each 500mg capsule, but on May 2012, there were 0.7 mg of 6-gingerol in the drug. Conclusion: Based on calculations and data processing in conditions of aggravated temperature,   expiration date could not be determined for this new product. Therefore more examinations are required for shogaol determination and further clinical trials are needed for evaluation of this new formula}, Keywords = {Ginger, 6-gingerol, 6- shogaol, quince fruit, antinausea, chemotherapy.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {205-211}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-440-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-440-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Atallahi, M. and Amiraliakbari, S. and Mojab, F. and AlaviMajd, H.}, title = {Effects of wheat germ extract on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea; a randomized triple blind controlled trial}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common disorders in women which interferes with work and causes school absenteeism. Considering high prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its adverse consequences on quality of life and Considering  anti-inflammatory properties of wheat germ, the present study examined the effects of wheat germ extract on the primary dysmenorrhea. Material and Methods: This triple blind clinical trial was performed on 90 employed women in hospitals affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. participants were classified into two groups of 45 persons. Three 400 mg capsules of wheat germ extract or placebo were used each day between the 16th day of the menstrual cycle to the 5th day of menstrual cycle for two consecutive months. Severity of primary dysmenorrhea in the two groups using the Friedman test and Comparing pairs of courses within the group using Bonferroni correction and between groups using the  Mann Whitney test. Results: the severity of primary dysmenorrhea decreased in both groups, this reduction was more significant in the wheat germ extract group (p <0.001). Conclusion: This study results show positive impact of wheat germ extract for severity of primary dysmenorrhea and it seems be used to reduce the severity of primary dysmenorrhea}, Keywords = {Primary dysmenorrhea, Herbal medicines, Wheat germ.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {212-217}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-437-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-437-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Jandaghi, P. and Noroozi, M. and Zavoshi, R. and Naseri, M. and Hasheminezhad, S.A. and Alipour, M.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF LEMON BALM ON BLOOD GLUCOSE; CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDE}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Nowadays the using of medicinal herbs is interested by researchers for treatment of diseases. In this study the effect of lemon balm supplementation on blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride was examined in patients. Material and Methods: 58 healthy man & woman with high serum cholesterol participated in this randomized clinical trial study within two months interval. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Placebo (PG) and supplemented (SG). SG group were supplemented with 6 capsules (0.5 gr lemon balm powder in each capsules) and PG group received 6 placebo capsules each day. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol and triglyceride were measured before and after within two month intervention. Results: The results shows a significant decline in level of Cholesterol in two groups in the beginning and the end of trial but this reduction in SG (P=0.000) was so powerful than PG (P=0.03). Mean of FBS decrease significantly in both groups (P˂ 0.005). However no significant differences between groups observed after the study. Moreover were not found significant disparity in level of Triglyceride in two groups. Conclusions: This study indicates that powder of lemon balm supplementation has not any noticeable effects on FBS, CHOL & TG parameters. }, Keywords = {Melissas, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglycerides.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {218-226}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-434-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-434-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Sh. and AghaeizadehTorabi, A.}, title = {Medicinal herbs are effective in the treatment of kidney and urinary tract diseases from the viewpoints Islamic medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: By investigation the medical traditions infallible Imam, healing herbs is recommended for the prevention and treatment. Using herbals such as black beans, Qznfl (a bunch of cloves), white frankincense or horse radish are recommended for urinary disorders. A mixture of saffron, pellitory, cardamom, lavender, hemp, hellebore, white pepper and honey are listed for treatment of bladder stones. In this paper have been investigated valuable matters about prevention and treatment of the kidney, bladder and urinary tract disease in medical traditions. Methods and Materials: in order to, we searched in sites and valid books, the methods of treatment of kidney, bladder and urinary tract in medical traditions and those collected in an article. Conclusion: Instructions in this article about the prevention and treatment of Kidney and urinary tract diseases has been collected from the precious treasures of Islamic medicine and medicinal herbs that these have no side effects of chemical drugs and are easily available}, Keywords = {kidney, urinary bladder, hadith, narrative}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {227-229}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-436-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-436-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Amjadi, O. and Rafiei, A.R. and Yousefpour, M.}, title = {Medical astonishing of fig and its hidden mysteries in the holy Quran and traditional medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Fig is one of the rare plants nominated in Quran and also has a special status in traditional medicine. Fig is a part of health promoting Mediterranean- diet that is widely used as drug and food. This study was designed with an intention to provide complete review of fig status in religion, traditional medicine, pharmacological and medicinal compounds and activities.  Material and Methods: Various resources and data banks such as SID, Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct, ISI and ISC were used for searching about sources and related articles. Holy Quran, Quran interpretation (tafsir), Islamic narrations and hadith and also reliable traditional medicine and medicinal plants books were discussed. Searching was performed according to key words containing Fig, Quran,  nutrients, medicinal plants and Fig, Ficus carica, Holy Quran, anticancer effect, and medicinal plant from 1994- 2013. Finally data were extracted and results were categorized. Results: In addition of Quran, Islamic narrations have been declared fig usage and this is an ancient medicinal plant. Different nutrients especially antioxidants in fig made it a protective and preventive agent against oxidative stress. Positive medical results of fig on cancer cell lines and animal model validate its effective role in the treatment of diseases such as cancer.    Conclusion: Fig has beneficial nutrients with medicinal properties. This mediates by their antioxidant activities and led to treat many diseases such as cancers. The present study validates the religious claim and traditional medicine emphasis about fig with scientific data. This can be resulted in make a deep insight into holy Quran.}, Keywords = {Fig, Quran, Traditional medicine, Disease treatment, Cancer}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {230-244}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-433-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-433-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghobadipour, M. and Mirazi, N. and Moradkhani, Sh. and Alaei, H.}, title = {Galbanum (Ferula gummosa Boiss)}, abstract ={Since ancient times humans from all nations and tribes used herbal medicine to cure their diseases. Even carnivore animals use plants in sickness. Ferula gummosa BIOSS is plant known as Barzad in classic Iranian literature and jawsheer in Iranian marker. Resin which projected from it is Galbanum. According to traditional medicine physician's opinion its nature is very warm and dry and from aspect of properties they notice it as laxative, resolution, carminative, poison antidote, emmenagogues with lots of other properties. This herb is Iran's native plant but nowadays it uses as stimulant, antiseptic, uterine tonic in other countries but lot less in Iran. With experimental investigations various properties like: effect on blood pressure, effect on morphine addiction, effect on constipation have been proved. In this study we tried provide useful and valuable collection of these plant properties by having review on old knowledge and latest findings so it is used by traditional and new medicine}, Keywords = {Barzad, Barijeh, Galbanum, traditional medicine}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {245-255}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-435-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-435-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ilkhani, R. and Rostami, A.}, title = {Principles of eating and drinking during Ramadan from the perspective of Iranian traditional medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: God, every year, has a moon-day mandatory. Eating and drinking in Ramadan is limited one of philosophy of the fasting in Ramadan, is healthy. But, the health of some people, is impaired during fasting. They seem to be due to limited time, eating and drinking, its principles are not respected. Material and Methods: This is a qualitative study. Traditional medicine is a reputable research sources that some of the Reliable books. Contents first analyzed, then it is classified. Results: In this study, nine Principles of eating and drinking, are extracted which is: 1 - Eat both breakfast and dinner. 2 - Drinking fluids one to two hours after dinner. 3 - Eat fruit before going to bed at night. 4 - Obligation to eat breakfast before dawn. 5 - Drinking enough fluids before breakfast, not after. 6 - Avoid food variety. 7 - Avoid eating certain foods together. 8 - Prevention of Constipation. 9 - Avoid sleeping on the morning prayer until sunrise. Conclusion: fasting has bodily benefits and positive effects.For bodily benefits, it is necessary to eat and drink, to observing Failure comply with these principles not only take advantage of these benefits will be reduced or not, it can cause disease. Deprive man of the fasting was successful}, Keywords = {fasting, traditional medicine, nutrition, ramadan.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {256-262}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-438-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-438-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Aghebati, A. and Safdari, R. and Dargahi, H. and Gushehgir, S.A. and Saharkhiz, P.}, title = {Evaluation of information Traditional medicine}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The use of traditional medicine in developing countries and developed countries is increasingly expanding. In recent years, the human approach to natural healing system and its reconstruction by the scientific community is due to several advantages. the aim of this study is introduced traditional medicine structure to researcher for future study. Material and Methods: This is a article which is carried out using books, articles, national and international journals as well as electronic resources and websites available on the Internet Result: Regarding the use of traditional medicine and its financial cost are increasing, the lake of research is a barrier for providing safety standards, quality and Legislation. According to mentioned statement, we need attention and support of governments. World Health Organization (WHO) plays a great role in the field of traditional medicine and cooperates with various countries and has done extensive service for Traditional medicine. Conclusion: Traditional medicine is a general term which is referred to traditional medicine systems such as traditional Chinese medicine, Indian Ayurveda medicine, Greek-Arabic medicine as well as various forms of indigenous medicine. Traditional medicine differs from a country to another country and from region to region because of factors such as history, individual and philosophical trends and other factors. World Health Organization (WHO) has defined three systems including the Integrative system, inclusive system  and Torelent systems. The traditional medicine has been recognized as a component in each of above systems. Complementary medicine, alternative medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, traditional medicine, indigenous and tribal medicine are of the terms representing traditional medicine in different countries. However use of traditional medicine is increasing there is gap between quantity, quality, safety and efficacy of available data in traditional medicine with criteria required for the global support and application. Few research activities hinder the development of specific standards, safety and quality of traditional medicine and its products at national level.  To address these challenges, the WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy has been developed with four objectives: policy initiatives, facilitating the safety, usefulness and quality, providing access.The World Health Organization has done extensive activity in developing national policy, facilitating information exchange, ensuring product safety, access to skilled manpower, and financial support for studies of safety and quality of traditional medicine , integrated health care system, distribution of resources and cooperation with other centers.}, Keywords = {Traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, world health organization}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {263-269}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-441-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-441-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Tahmasebi, R. and Sheikh, N. and Manouchehrian, N. and Babaei, M.}, title = {Comparison of venous blood and obtained blood from the Cupping in terms of the amount of hemoglobin, Hematocrit and uric acid}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: The traditioal Phlebotomy is one of the therapies method of traditional medicine to bring back and regenerative balance in the organism. however our resources in the field of traditional Phlebotomy are rich but, our knowledge about the involved Mechanisms in this field, despite of the science progress in different areas are very low and in previous conducted studies, different opinions about the effectiveness of this method on the treatment of Diseases were expressed that with determining the mechanism of traditional medicine,Can be presented with more stronger motivation to the medical community. The aim of the present study was to compare the amount of hemoglobin, Hematocrit and uric acid in the venous blood and obtained bloodfrom the traditional Phlebotomy and evaluation existing differences. Materials and Methods: The present study is interventional and type of one factorial intra-case which the Research Center of Phlebotomy was conducted on 111 reffered patients . sampling method in this study is, simple random that after obtaining written consent and the general examination, in case of no exclusion criteria attempt to get the venous blood and Phlebotomy and the experiments have been done by one person with one type of kit. After collecting the information, data were analyzed, by using of statistical T-test and spss software. Results: The mean of hemoglobin, hematocrit and uric acid in venous blood were respectively ( 15.74 ± 1.6 mg/dl) , ( 47.40 ± 3.74 ) percent ( 6.35 ± 1.65 mg/dl) and in the blood of phlebotomy ( 18.76 ± 1.7 mg/dl) (56.6 ± 6.68) percent ( 6.90 ± 1.34 mg/dl) which these differencies were statistically significant (p< 0.001 ). Conclusion: Due to higher amounts of hemoglobin, hematocrit and uric acid in the obtained blood From phlebotomy is recommended the use of phlebotomy be more considered in Polycythemia and hyperuricemia therapy}, Keywords = {venous blood, phlebotomy blood, hemoglobin, hematocrit, uric acid}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {269-274}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-448-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-448-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Yousefpour, M. and Esfahani, M.M. and KamaliNejad, M. and Shams, J. and Bahrami, M. and Latifi, S.A.H.}, title = {Analytical study of the historical process of naming Melancholia of Iranian Medicine}, abstract ={Melancholia is one of the most important diseases in Iranian Traditional Medicine. If melancholia is classified according to the international classification of diseases (ICD), it is considered as a mental disorder. On the other hand, the cause of psychiatric disorders, despite the high prevalence, is unknown, and treatment protocols for these disorders are inadequate. Therefore, psychiatric disorders are one of the world's major health problems. Understanding of diseases such as melancholy can open new horizons for researchers to solve problems in the etiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders. To achieve this aim, it is required to study this disorder more comprehensively}, Keywords = {Iranian traditional medicine, psychiatric disorders, Melancholia, mental disorder}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {275-281}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-445-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-445-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {MeknatJoo, R. and Hamedi, Sh. and Sadeghi, O.}, title = {A review on cough medicine in alshamel book}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Cough is a protective reflex, which is when the airways are irritated or blocked. Ibn al-Nafis in the third part of the Al-shamel book defined herbs which includes 82 chapters. The objective of this study is review all of medicines for treatment of cough in Alshaml book as one of the most comprehensive books on traditional medicine about herbs. Materials and Methods: This study is an explanation review of cough and our method was searching of keyword cough “Soal” in all of parts of this book. After reviewing in al-shamel book we found 98 simple or pure drugs contain: herbal, minerals and animal drugs, based on different types of cough in Iranian traditional medicine. Due to application rate, easy usage, low side effects and easy access we have removed animal and mineral drugs and herbals were selected for further study. Results: every herbs, that has thinness property, wateriness and penetration, penetrates the pores of the membrane between the esophagus, trachea and bronchi, readily.  And influence severely on chest organs. Classification method is mentioned based on a variety of different types of cough therapy. So, herbals that can be used to treat cough with different functions, are divided into eight categories: phlegmatic cough, cough with  catarrh, violence cough, hot cough, dry cough, hot and dry cough, cool cough and miscellaneous. Conclusion: Undoubtedly, the essence of the herbs and actions attributed to specific form of them, in this book is more complete than the other traditional books. With reviewing of presented herbals in this book, and its therapeutic effects on various ailments such as cough, may be received a new therapeutic mechanism. Based on this protocol can be offered appropriate treatment depending on the types of cough.}, Keywords = {Cough, traditional Iranian medicine, as samil fi as-sinaa at-tibbiyya, cough drug}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {282-288}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-452-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-452-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {NaghibiHarat, J. and Khooshideh, M. and Ebadiani, M. and Moeini, A.}, title = {Diagnosis of Pregnancy in Iranian Traditional Medicine}, abstract ={Early detection of pregnancy has a significant role in mother and baby’s health. The usual methods of pregnancy diagnosis in modern medicine are based on tests that usually could be done after a misperiod. In Iranian Traditional Medicine the importance of early diagnosis of pregnancy was known. In this study, we assessed authentic sources of Iranian Medicine books to find out how the pregnancy was diagnosed. Also we classified the common points and differences between them and the available methods. Of the 7 main traditional books ends in 4 books Alaghraz-o-altbyh; Seyed Ismail Jarjani, Exir-e-Azam ; Hakim Azam Khan, Qanoon of medicine; Avicenna  and Kamel-o-sanae; Ahwazi all the issues related to pregnancy diagnosis was found and classified in 7 main groups: 1-Symptoms of pregnancy which could be sensed by the couples during the intercourse 2-symptoms of pregnancy that can be find out in the next intercourse 3- General signs of pregnancy 4- General symptoms of pregnancy 5-urinary symptoms of pregnancy 6-signs of pregnancy in vaginal examination done  by a physician or midwife 7-specific diagnostic tests Based on these early pregnancy diagnosis during the intercourse by the couples and also early signs and symptoms of pregnancy could be used as new methods for early detection of pregnancy as well as some diagnostic tests which are unique. These methods could be used as a faster and less expensive method for diagnose of pregnancy.}, Keywords = {pregnancy diagnosis, traditional medicine, reproductive health}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {289-293}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-449-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-449-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Hasanein, P. and Fazelib, F.}, title = {Physiological causes and treatment of kidney stones from Avecina and modern medicine points of view}, abstract ={The prevalence of kidney stones is growing fast worldwide especially among pregnant women and old aged people. Prevention depends mainly on the type of stone. Assessment of urine Ph may be helpful to evaluate the stone. Fruits and vegetables can be used to alkaline urine and so prevention of oxalate, calcium, cystein and uric acid stones. To prevent calcium phosphate kidney stones, urine should be acidulated. Spasmolytic drugs and urteroscopy can be used along with hydrotherapy for treatment of acute kidney stones. Avecina tried to cure kidney stones with using medicinal plants having diuretic property.  Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones are not so different from the modern medicine point of view and Avecina medicine. However, Avecina focuses on using medicinal plants and then changing urine Ph to treat stones while modern medicine relies on chemical drugs and special diet to cure kidney stones}, Keywords = {Kidney, Urine, Stone, Treatment, Traditional medicine, Modern medicine}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {294-303}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-447-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-447-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Shirooye, P. and Sadeghpour, O. and Nazem, E. and Keshavarz, M.}, title = {Reasons for increasing appetite from the perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine}, abstract ={The stomach is responsible for appetite and it does the first stage digestion. So body health is dependent on the stomach function. One sign of the stomach function is how the quantity of appetite. On the other hand, the causes of increasing appetite remain one of the problems and unknown parameters in Conventional Medicine. Therefore we decided to examine the causes of increasing appetite from the perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine. This is a review article that studies the reasons for increasing appetite in Iranian Traditional Medicine's references. Appetite is result of two forces that are named natural and sensual. Ibn al-Nafis al-Qarshi Devided the causes of increasing appetite into three categories in the explanation of Qanoon. That includes: increasing the feeling of emptiness in stomach fam, increasing the feeling of soada function in stomach fam, increasing the feeling of emptiness and soada function in stomach fam. He explained each of them widely. Study the causes of increasing appetite is a simple, cheap and available tool for achieving how the stomach and whole body function. So considering to it has a great value}, Keywords = {appetite, increasing appetite, Iranian Traditional Medicine, Ibn al-Nafis al-Qarshi}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {304-309}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-443-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-443-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Khajebishak, Y. and Payahoo, L.}, title = {Pomegranate: Its health effects from the Holy Quran and nutrition science view}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Healthy eating has prominent value in Islam. The Quran, after considering the human food, has been stated about plants. The pomegranate with scientific name Punicagranatum L. and Quran name Al-Roman is given three times in the Holy Quran. This fruit due to the many bioactive components has important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was the review of beneficial effects of pomegranate point to the Quran and nutrition science. Materials and Methods: In this review study, after meditation on the verses of the Quran and all papers submitted at the scientific information data base including PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar from the years 2000 to 2014 with key words pomegranate, Islam, disease, nutrition and Quran, the results obtained and discussed. Results: The effective components of pomegranate act in the prevention of cancers through different mechanisms such as inactivation of pro-inflammatory enzymes, suppression of tumor growth and upregulation of tumor suppressor proteins. Inhibition of enzymes involved in the oxidation and synthesis of fat and increasing of production, secretion and sensitivity of insulin from pancreatic beta cells are the most important mechanisms involved in the reduction of fat and glucose, respectively. Anti-obesity effect of the pomegranate is related to the inhibition of pancreatic lipase enzyme and its anti-infective effect is associated to the inhibition the growth of bacteria. Conclusion: Considering emphasizes of Quran on the beneficial effects of pomegranate as well as the existence of enough scientific evidence about its prevention effects, the using of this fruit in diet is suggested}, Keywords = {Pomegranate, Islam, Chronic disease, Nutrition, Quran}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {310-323}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-446-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-446-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Sarafraz, Z. and Mosavi, S. A. and Azaraein, M. H.}, title = {Prevalence and Type of side effects in patients with Licorice abuse in ENT ward of shahid sadoughi hospital in 2012- 2013}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Licorice is extracted from Glycrrhiza glabra. It is one of the oldest plant in Medicine with long history. It has different applications such as improvement ulcers, infectious disease and liver and kidney disorders. The traditional opinion about Licorice harmless nowadays has not any fan and studies show different adverse effects such as cardiovascular disorders, neurologic disorders and serum electrolyte imbalance. Iran has an important role to producing and export Licorice. The results of availability without enough knowledge are abuse and side effects. This study aim is determination of prevalence and type of side effects in patients with Licorice abuse in ENT department of shahid sadoughi hospital in 2012 and 2013. Material and Methods: This study is descriptive- Analytic study in patients with Licorice abuse in ENT ward of shahid sadoughi hospital in 2012, 2013. Statistical analysis Test was chi-square and data was analyzed by SPSS18 software. Results: 43patients had Licorice abuse (24 men, 19 women) with average age of 52.5.The most common side effect was hypertention (73%) and other side effects were rhabdomyolysis (27.9%), generalized edema (23.2%) and hypokalemia(16.2%). Conclusion: Iran has an important role in producing and export of Licorice. Availability with low information about indications and side effects lead to abuse, morbidity and mortality. Education and control can reduce abusing of Licorice}, Keywords = {Licorice, Side effects, ENT}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {324-329}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-444-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-444-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Heidari, A. and Zali, S. H. and Heidari, Gh.}, title = {Ethnobotanical survey of Namarestagh summer rangelands, Amol (Mazandaran)}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Ethnobotany science is study about people of a nation, a culture, or a particular area, how to use plants in specific area. purpose: The aim of this study was to collect and identify medicinal plants and usage of indigenous knowledge of the people, for  introduction of medicinal plants of the study region. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the namarestagh summer rangelands of Amol. Finally, plants of the region, were collected by relief of local experts, and local name, information , traditional and local  usage of plants were obtained and recorded by face to face interviewing with indigenous people. Results: The results showed that 119 species have been identified in the region of 74 plant species belonging to 34 families have medicinal use. Asteraceae with 12 species (16.21%), Lamiaceae with 10 species (13.51%), Rosaceae with 7 species (9.54 %) had the largest share. Conclusions: 111 medicinal uses for the plants listed, Treatment of anemia (11.71%), astringent (10.81%), anti-flatulence, laxative and fever (9.09%), low blood sugar, cough and colds (8.1%) and hypotension (6.3 %) of the most used by the people listed. Considering the Rich flora of the region, carried out extensive research To identify and How the use of medicinal plants Can help the pharmaceutical industry}, Keywords = {Ethnobotany, summer rangelands, medicinal plants, plants used in traditional, Namarestagh.}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {330-339}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-451-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-451-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Karami, M. and Honari, S. and Ebrahimzadeh, M. A. and FarokhNasab, N.}, title = {Study of chemical and physical property and clinical effect of Cuttle fish semisolid}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Acne is a hormonal disorder of skin which causes different types of lesions on skin  and induce by Chemical and Drugs, it is a dermal problem. Cuttle fish bone, so-called, is the internal shell of the cuttle, Sepia officinalis(Class Cephalopoda) has it's own value in traditional therapy. In this study we tried to find out the physical and chemical stability and limited microbial test of Cuttle fish bone with semisolid system.  Materials and Methods: Fifty grams of the orginal sample of Cuttle fish bone were collected from bushehr(a southern state in Iran) and confirmed by department of Pharmacognosy. The first sample of Cuttle fish bone were used to investigate chief constituent of cuttle fish bone( 80 to 85 per cent. of calcium carbonate) by multiple methods determination of calcium by EDTA. The second a portion about ten gram were powdered at room temperature and levigated before formulation. Following of levigate, eucerin, vaselin and cold cream basics was added and hemogenated. The formulations was prepared in ucerin and vaselin basics for physical stability (duble phase,color and odour change) at refrigerator, room temperature and 45 centigrad(˚C) and  chemical stability at 45,55 and 65˚C. Samples of product were also tested for microbial assys (limited microbial test). Results: The results showed that the basic of eucerin was the best physical stability. Calcium amount of Cattel fish doesn,t change at 45,55 and 65˚C. Cell cultures  of  Cattel fish was  examined  for pathogenic microbs. Conclusion: The finding shows that semisolid formulation of Cattel fish is sutible with basic of eucerin. Average expiration date is about five year}, Keywords = {Cattel fish, Traditional therapy, Basic of ucerin, Calcium amount, EDTA}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {340-347}, publisher = { Academy of Medical Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran}, url = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-453-en.html}, eprint = {http://jiitm.ir/article-1-453-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Islamic and Iranian Traditional Medicine}, issn = {2008-8574}, eissn = {}, year = {2015} }