Although the traditional method of traditional treatment is very different from that used in modern times, and many of the practices that are employed in the traditional medicine may not conform to scientific procedures, it should not be forgotten that the traditional method has shown its efficiency in practice so much that man has always used it for helping with illness. In this article, by recoding the practices of the traditional healers in Sistan & Baluchistan, the researcher has tried to shows these practices in order to better understand the “science of ethno-medicine”. The methods that were mainly used in this study were participant observation and in-depth interview by semi-structured quastionaire. The findings of this study show that every action that the traditional healer perform, may be not illogical, and conform to the experiences and the information that have been handed down to them from their ancestors. If these practices, which are rooted in the popular beliefs of the society, are compared with the relevant practices of the modern medicine, they can fall into one of the following three categories: 1. Practices conforming to those of modern science 2. Practices differing from the findings of modern medicine 3. Neutral practices As regards the traditional medical practices that conform to modern medicine, we should not only try to strengthening them, but also, in some cases, make use of some of the experiences of the traditional medicine as complements to or replacements for modern procedures. It is obvious that in abandoning the conflicting and harmful practices, we should avoid violent encounter, because these practices are rooted in people’s beliefs. Regarding the neutral practices, we should not show any sensitivity, but turn a blind eye to them.